Marine structure



March 9, I G ATKINSON MAfiINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4Sheets-Sheet 1 I I INVENTOR I 1 I V Geo/ 12 A 45%1/750/2 ATTORNEY March9, 1937.

Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 G. H. ATKINSON MARINE STRUCTURE 4Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY March 9, 1937.

G. H; ATKINSON MARINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORN EY March 9, 1937. H so 2,073,545

. MARINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 iii 'fiaums' 6 INVENTPR Geo/ye ///7V/(7/2S0/2,

ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Refiled for(abandoned) application Serial No.

739,023, August 8, 1934. This application September 3, 1936, Serial No.99,323

4 Claims.

My present invention relates generally to filled, partially filled orunfilled eoffer dams, piers, quay walls, marginals, wharves,breakwaters, subways and other marine structures, and has for itsprimary object the improvement thereof in respect not only to strength,effectiveness and durability in use, but also in respect to itsfabrication in the first instance and its subsequent removal, wheredesirable or necessary.

Generally speaking my invention contemplates the fabrication of spacedwalls of sheet piling in connection with the ends of transverselydisposed and spaced apart cross frames so constructed that they may bepre-formed, transported to the site of installation, lowered to thedesired position, secured in this position by individual anchoringpiles, and each serve as a temporay support while the next adjacentframe is being anchored, and it is a further object to provide a 0construction which will permit the various parts to be'readily salvagedby reversing the above order in the removal of the structure.

Further and more specific objects of my invention, relating to theconstruction, arrangement and cooperation of the several parts thereof,fa-

cilitating fabrication and erection, will be better understood and morethoroughly appreciated from the following detailed description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which 3 form a part ofthis specification, and in which,

Figure 1 is an upstream elevation of a coffer dam under constructionaccording to the provisions of my invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of a portion thereof. Figure 3 is avertical, transverse section therethrough, taken substantially on line33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical, longitudinal section therethrough, takensubstantially on line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail of the parts included within the brokenline AA of Figure 2, partly in top plan and partly in horizontalsection.

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail perspective view illustrating theconnections between each cross frame and one of its anchoring piles,and,

Figure 7 is a similar view to Figure 5, showing a slightly modifiedstructure.

Referring now particularly to Figure 1, and as in my abandonedapplication Serial Number 739,- 023, filed August 8, 1934, of which thisapplication is a substitute, I have shown, in a more or lessdiagrammatic manner, installation in con- 55 nection with a partiallyerected marine structure wherein a series of individually anchored crossframes Ill serve to support sheet piling II fabricated in connectionwith the ends of theframes I0 in a manner which will presently be plain,and driven into the river or other bed I2 to the desired depth. 3

The several frames III, each including side cross members havingvertical pile guides I3 of suitable form, are pre-formed, or assembledat a convenient point and transported to the site of installation by abarge I4, or other suitable means, as I have shown in connection with aframe Illa, in Figure 1. Frame Illa is then picked up by suitable means,either on the partially completed structure or on the barge or othervessel, and held in the desired manner and in vertical position as frameIIlbis shown in Figure 1, parallel with, and spaced from, the lastpreviously anchored frame III, which has been secured in position bydriving anchoring piles I5 into the bed I2 through the guides I3.

Each frame, thus moved from position Illa to position I 0b, istemporarily locked to the adjacent anchored frame II] by a spacing frameI6, until its anchoring piles I5 have been driven into the bed I2, afterwhich spacing frame It may be removed for use in similarly holding thenext frame lowered in the line of installation. Each frame in turn iseither allowed to rest on the bed I2 or attached to its anchoring pilesI5 in a manner to be presently described, and is then released from thehandling equipment, and to serve its stated purpose the spacing frame I6consists of cross struts 23 suitably braced and connected, by diagonals24, to vertical, side bars 25 having a sliding, interlocking connectionwith companion bars 26 laterally outstanding from the outer sides of theframes I0. These interlocking connections may be of the head and clawtype shown, and it will be understood that the spacing frame I6, as awhole, will be of sufficient strength and length to accomplish itsintended function.

After the frames have been thus anchored, a. working platform I may beconstructed on the anchoring piles I5, and the interlocking sheet pilingII is then driven into the bed I2, along arcuate lines across andbetween the ends of the frames Ill, so as to present outwardly convexsurfaces and transmit the pressure to the frames I0 in line with theanchoring piles I5. It is obvious unwatering of the structure can bedone from within the two spaced apart walls of sheet piling I I, theindividual piles of which are interlocked with one another as by meansof head and claw connections, or a fill may be made between the wallsand an area encircled by the structur may be unwatered.

With the above in mind, it will be more readily understood by referenceto Figures 2 to 6 inclusive that each of the supporting frames H] hastwo side portions or cross members, and that each of these cross membersconsists of a series of pile guides in the nature of upright beams I!arranged in spaced apart relation in pairs between, and connected atvertically spaced points to, spaced apart horizontal beams I 8, wherebythe spaces between the beams ll of each pair serve as effective verticalguides for the anchoring piles l 5.

Certain of the vertical beams I! are at the outer ends of the crossmembers of each frame, and to these beams are secured endwiseoutstanding, interlocking bars 20 and laterally outstanding,interlocking bars 22. It will be seen 20 that the cross members of eachframe H! are, furconnect with the endwise outstanding bars 20 of theframes. All of these connections may be of the head and claw type,although as shown in Figure '7, the special sheet piling connectingmembers may have the triangular form seen at 450.,

I thus presenting a single inner extension for connection with a singlehead and claw bar 20a fixed to the outermost upright of each frame sidemember. In either form of connection, it is obvious the outer enduprights I! of the frames must be of sufficient strength to transmit theloads from the sheet piling walls to the frames l0, and may for thispurpose be reenforced by bracing 21, if necessary.

As also shown in Figure 7, the anchoring pile guides may be formed byutilizing cylindrical uprights Ila in the frames, and it is to beunderstood that instead of using complete frames I0, I may employ theside portions or members thereof as separate units, without crossbracing, by making them of sufficient strength in the first instance.

I may also utilize temporary current deflecting members in the form ofsheet metal curtains 8, between the frames 10, where it is necessary inplacing and setting the piles, each curtain having side head and clawbars 2| to interlock with the before-mentioned laterally outstandingbars 22 of the frames.

As shown in Figure 6, each frame may be secured to its anchoring piles,and each such connection may include a cap plate 28, bolted or welded tothe upper end of the pile, and bolts 29, passing through thimbles 30,connecting the cap plate with the adjacent upper cross bar [8 of theframe. It will be apparent that this connection, like the otherconnections previously described, is such that the several parts, inremoval of the structure, may be salvaged intact by mere reversal of theoperations described in the installation of the structure, and -in thisway, among others, it is obvious the objects of my invention, firstabove stated, may be successfully carried out.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls ofinterlocking sheet piling, cross frames spaced apart between said walls,and having means interlocking with the walls, means interlockinglyconnecting and spacing said frames independently of the said walls, andmeans for anchoring each of said frames inde pendently of said Walls.

2. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls ofinterlocking sheet piling, cross frames between said Walls, each havingmeans to interlock with spaced points of the walls, each of said frameshaving pile guides, means interlockingly connecting and spacing saidframes at a plurality of points between, and independently of the saidwalls, and anchoring piles extending through said guides for securingthe frames independently of said walls.

3. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls ofinterlocking sheet piling, a series of preformed spaced apart crossframes each having means at the ends thereof interlocking with saidwalls at a plurality of points of the latter, means for anchoring eachof said frames between, and independently of, the walls, andinterlocking means extending between and connecting said framesindependently of the walls, said last named means also serving toproperly space the frames apart and hold each thereof successively inposition for anchoring.

4. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart walls ofinterlocking sheet piling arranged in outwardly convex arcuate sections,a series of spaced apart cross members extending transversely betweensaid walls and having means at the ends thereof interlocking with thesaid walls at the junctures of said arcuate sections thereof, meansinterlocking with and extending between the cross members for spacingand connecting the same independently of the Walls, and anchoring pilesfor securing said cross members arranged in line between the interlockedconnections of the said members and said walls.

GEORGE H. ATKINSON.

